Budgeting vs Forecasting: Which Is Better?
Budgeting and forecasting are essential tools for managing finances and ensuring that you are on track to achieve your financial goals. Whether you are running a business or managing your personal finances, budgeting and forecasting can help you make informed decisions about spending, savings, and investments.
In this quick guide to budgeting and forecasting, we will cover the basics of budgeting and forecasting, as well as provide tips and strategies for creating effective budgets and forecasts. You should get a good idea of which one is right for you: a budget, or a forecast.
What is Budgeting?
Budgeting is the process of creating a short-term plan based on current income and expenses. Budgets are not for planning because they are intended to apply to a specific period, usually one month. After the current month, a new budget is formulated for the next month without looking to the past or the future. A budget can help you:
- Track your spending: By creating a budget, you can see exactly where your money is going each month.
- Get an understanding of your discretionary spending. A budget can help you determine if expenses are reasonable or necessary and inform if you will have money left over at the end of the month.
- Identify areas for improvement: By analyzing your budget, you can identify areas where you can cut back on spending and save more money.
How to Create a Budget
Creating a budget is a relatively straightforward process. Here are the steps to follow:
Step 1: Determine Your Income
Start by determining your total income for the month. This should include your salary, any bonuses or commissions, and any other sources of income.
Step 2: List Your Expenses
Next, list all of your expenses for the month. This should include fixed expenses like rent or mortgage payments, utilities, and insurance, as well as variable expenses like groceries, entertainment, and clothing.
Step 3: Categorize Your Expenses
Once you have listed all of your expenses, categorize them into essential and non-essential expenses. Essential expenses are those that you must pay each month, while non-essential expenses are things that you could live without if you needed to.
Step 4: Calculate Your Net Income
Subtract your total expenses from your total income to determine your net income for the month.
Step 5: Adjust Your Budget
If your net income is negative, you will need to adjust your budget by cutting back on non-essential expenses or finding ways to increase your income. If your net income is positive, you can allocate the extra money to savings or investments.
To be quite frank, you can create a budget on a plain piece of paper, or even the back of an envelope. Budgets are simple, and while there are lots of budget templates available on the internet, you can do the arithmetic easily without them. Simply add all income and subtract all expenses. The difference should be positive. Keep it simple is the best strategy for most people, and a budget using paper and a pen or pencil is quickest and easiest and will do the job.
Budget Forecast Calculator
5 year budget forecast calculator.
What is forecasting?
Unlike a budget, a budget forecast is far more useful, but also more involved. A forecast will let you know where you’ll be financially in the future, based on current and anticipated spending. Knowing the outlook of your likely financial position in the future, you can use this information to make adjustments to your current spending decisions. Forecasts apply time value of money algorithms along with projections of inflation to forecast your finances in the future.
Unlike month-by-month budgets, forecasts usually cover a 5-year projection. Financial projections beyond 5 years are generally in the realm of financial planning. Financial plans are long-term projections and are considerably more complex than budget forecasts and are not covered in this article.
Making a forecast requires a software program, and unlike the many budget templates online, or available for download, there are far fewer forecast programs because the calculations are costly to develop. For this reason, budget forecast software is relatively expensive, usually several hundred dollars.
Forecasting is the process of predicting future financial conditions based on past data and current conditions. It involves analyzing historical data, market trends, and other factors to estimate future revenue and expenses. Forecasting helps you make informed decisions about the future of your business (or family) by providing insight into potential opportunities and risks.
Steps for creating a forecast:
- Creating a budget forecast involves several key steps, which include:
- Define the budget period: Determine the timeframe for the budget forecast. It can be weekly, monthly, quarterly, or annually but 5 years is common.
- Gather historical data: Collect financial statements, cash flow statements, and other relevant financial data for the past period to understand past trends.
- Identify revenue streams: List all sources of revenue, including sales, subscriptions, advertising, and others.
- Estimate revenue: Based on past trends, market conditions, and expected growth, estimate revenue for the budget period.
- Identify expenses: List all expenses, including fixed and variable costs, such as salaries, rent, utilities, supplies, and others.
- Estimate expenses: Estimate expenses for the budget period based on past trends and expected growth. This can be done by reviewing previous expenses and considering any changes in the market.
- Create a budget using the forecasting software (all forecasts begin with a budget): Compile revenue and expense estimates into a comprehensive budget forecast. This should include income statements, balance sheets, and cash flow statements.
- Review and adjust: Review the budget forecast regularly to ensure it remains accurate and make adjustments as necessary. This may include revising revenue or expense estimates based on changes in the market or unforeseen circumstances.
- Monitor actual results: Monitor actual results against the budget forecast to identify any variances and adjust the budget as necessary. This helps to ensure the budget remains relevant and effective throughout the budget period.
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